{Prehistoric Circles (1) [continued (3)]}[26th September 1990]

[Redbook7:336][19900926:1230c]{Prehistoric Circles (1) [continued (3)]}[26th September 1990]

19900926.1230c

[continued]

Whether Neanderthal* people died out before later Men took over, or whether the populations overlapped, is unclear;** but the changeover seems to have occurred c38,000bce to c33,000bce,*** in Europe, where Cro-Magnons succeeded the Neanderthals.**** There are# still groups of relatively pure Cro-Magnon ‘stock’#* in existence today.#**

Some at least of the Neanderthals buried their dead, and they may have performed rituals and used colours.#*** But the first examples of pre-historic art are Cro-Magnon.#****

*[See last previous entry]

**[No longer; the genetic evidence now seems clear that they overlapped and interbred]

***Ibid [Encyclopaedia Britannica]: 965-6

****{cf [this ms entry, [Redbook7:336-337][19900926:1230b]{Prehistoric Circles (1) [continued (4)]}[25th September 1990],] 337 (top)}

#or were? <900927>

#*(or type) (900927>

(including in England; & the purest in the Canary Islands) <900927>

#**Ibid: 967

#***Ibid: 965

#****Ibid: 967

{(Aurignacian/Perigordian, c25,000bce)}

{– (E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:966)}

##{Is the Brassempouy girl (ivory head) theirs?

(Aurignacian/Gravettian, c22,000bce)}

{– (E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 26:45)}

[continued]

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{Prehistoric Circles (1) [continued]}[26th September 1990]

[Redbook7:335-336][19900926:1230b]{Prehistoric Circles (1) [continued]}[26th September 1990]

19900926.1230c

[continued]

It’s a happy co-incidence no doubt widely remarked upon, but new to me, that the chief proponent of one ‘gradualist(ic)’ view* of the transition of early man to Homo Sapiens, with connotations of relative racial superiority, is one C.S. Coon. Then again, I can see possibilities whereby it isn’t a coincidence at all: in which case it is also distinctly unhappy.

Another option is the ‘punctuational’ view of human evolution: a long period of evolutionary stasis is followed by relatively rapid transition from one species to its descendant, in a restricted geographic area (from which presumably the new species spreads out, extinguishing its ancestor species).

(Neanderthal Man appears to have lived from c90,000 to c40,000 years ago.** However, predecessors appear from c4-500,000 years ago onwards:)

‘Early Homo Sapiens was probably present in South-eastern Europe 350,000 years ago, in Western Europe 200,000 to 250,000 years ago, and in East Africa 130,000 years ago. *** After these times, evidence of Homo Sapiens becomes widespread and can be found in the rest of Europe, the Mediterranean, southern Africa, China, and the Far East. Finally, America was occupied from North to South via the Bering Strait at least 20,000 years ago, and Australia was occupied from the Sourheast Asian peninsula a little earlier.’****

*ie that men cross the transition line at different times in different places. Traditional gradualists regard the line as arbitrary; Coon sees one particular transition threshold as clearcut, physiologically and culturally.

**E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:958ff

[The earlier date must be wrong, although the E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] text at this point does imply it]

***See [last previous entry, [Redbook7:334-337][19900926:1230]{Prehistoric Circles (1)}[25th September 1990],] 334

****E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:961

[continued]

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{Prehistoric Circles (1)}[26th September 1990]

[Redbook7:334-337][19900926:1230]{Prehistoric Circles (1)}[26th September 1990]

19900926.1230c

*

**

‘Early living sites.*** The pattern of bone and artifact [sic] refuse at other localities indicates that hominids returned several times to the same place. It has been suggested that these “living sites” may have functioned as a home base for the activities of small groups of early hominids. At one site in Olduvai Gorge**** are the remains of a stone circle**** that may have formed the base of a shelter. Many researchers link the beginning of a rich archaeological record#* with the appearance in the fossil record of more advanced gracile#** hominid remains, which have been attributed to Homo habilis.’#***

‘Thus, both Chou-k’ou-tien and Vértesszőllős #***[remains of Home Erectus]#*** have shown signs that Middle Pleistocene Man## had a controlled mastery of fire.’

It is suggested that this enabled cave dwelling and inhabitation of colder (eg European) regions.##**

#***‘[Humans]#*** are par excellence the creature that lives with an eye for the main chance. H. erectus was probably one of the very earliest of the great opportunists; and it is likely that this very opportunism endowed the species with evolutionary flexibility, with adaptability, and with a very plastic survival kit.’##** There is, however, no ‘evidence of ritual among these extinct people’, H. erectus.##***

Some scholars do not consider H. erectus to be an ancestor of H. Sapiens.##****

*[[Redbook7:330-331][19900924:1315b]{4096-year Cycles (2) [continued]}[24th September 1990],] 331 →

[This reference appears before the text of the last previous entry in the ms; but since none of the journal entries potentially referred to by it appear to lead on to the last previous entry, it is presumably a reference misplaced from this journal entry, whose fn=#*** refers onward to this entry]

**(ref [] 307)( → DP.c)

[Unclear to what any part of this ref refers]

***(Their italics)

****(Probably about 1,750,000 years old)

[Underlining added in ms]

#{cf [[Redbook7:342][19900927:1822]{Prehistoric Circles (2)}[27th September 1990],] 342}

(My emphasis. {But see [[Redbook7:345][19900930:2135c]{Hunter-gatherers and Agriculturalists [Extract]}[30th September 1990],] 345})

#*eg a range of stone tools.#*1

#*1(but tools only c600[,000]-700,000 y[ea]rs) ago per E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 26:43)<900927>

#**=slender (C[oncise] O[xford] D[ictionary])

#***E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:951

#****[Square brackets in the text here are from the ms]

##(ie c350,000 years old)

##*E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:954; 961

##**E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:955

##***ibid

##****See E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:955

[continued]

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{Blending of colour genes}[25th September 1990]

[Redbook7:334][19900925:2202]{Blending of colour genes}[25th September 1990]

19900925.2202

(Notes)

‘It is usual for the activity of a gene on one strand *[or chromosome]* to be masked or inhibited by its counterpart on the other strand *[of the pair]*. An important exception to this is in the determination of colo[u]ration patterns, in which the genes may appear to blend, producing colour patterns different from those of the parents.’

**

*[Square brackets in the text here are from the ms]

**E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 18:939

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{Selective Cycles (2)}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:333][19900924:2123c]{Selective Cycles (2)}[24th September 1990]

.2123

[continued]

[A whole-page photocopied extract from Encyclopaedia Britannica which cannot be reproduced here for copyright reasons includes the following highlighted text:]

‘Other famous philosophies, from Vico’s and Hegel’s to Marx’s and Spengler’s, discover a direction in history, or a principle of action, and often a goal or terminus (as in Marx), after which history as we know it shall cease and a kind of second Eden be restored.

‘To the practical writer or reader of history these philosophies appeal by their suggestiveness: they are valued for their scattered insights and analogies. As systems they negate the very spirit of history, which seeks the concrete and particular, the opposite of system and abstraction. True, there have been historians who took a middle course and attempted to find empirical regularities in history – again with occasionally suggestive results – but very soon their methods begin to do violence to the facts in order to group them and count them and treat them like identities in physical science. When the physical world itself has not yet been fully systematised, to assume or “find” a system in history without the means and the liberties that science uses is to think like neither a scientist nor a historian. It is in fact an attempt to remove the difficulty of history at the cost of destroying its unique merit and interest.

‘By the “liberties” that science takes is meant the experimenter’s elimination of all but a very few components in a given trial, so as to ascertain precisely the nature and amount of a given effect. When this is done, the result is usually stated in causal terms – so much of this, under such and such conditions, will produce so much of that.*** Hardly anyone needs to be told that history defies a similar treatment. Its elements cannot be exactly measured, and although each historical situation presents to the discerning eye a variety of clear conditions or factors, the isolating of a cause for what happens is beyond reach.’

*{cf [[Redbook7:180][19900731:2305c]{Selective Cycles (1)}[31st July 1990],] 180}

**E[ncyclopaedia] B[ritannica] 0:341 [from Part 9: The History of Mankind]

(ibid)

***[This seems, especially these days, a greatly over-simplified and somewhat condescending view of science, from cosmology and quantum theory on the one hand to economics, archaeology and genetic research (which do exactly measure elements of history) on the other. But it is probably correct to say that the sort of speculation indulged in within this journal is neither science nor history, though it considers both: it is perhaps, irrespective of merit or otherwise, a kind of philosophy.]

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{Fall in the Stock Market}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:333][19900924:2123b]{Fall in the Stock Market}[24th September 1990]

.2123

[continued]

*There have been serious falls on the Stock Market now at this time of the year (previously on 13^th October) in 3 out of 4 years – 1987, 1989, and 1990.** (I do not have a record of other serious falls in that period.) This is, as noted above,*** the G~ time of the O[outer] C[ircle] year.

*ref VI. [[Redbook6:312-313][19891013:0941h]{Share Cycles}[13th October 1989],] 312-3

**{cf V. [[Redbook5:96-98][19880319:1910]{Type Cycles}[19th March 1988],] 96}

***ref [[Redbook7:329][19900924:0605b]{Dream: ‘I am a member of the Church, and I demand to be heard.’ [continued]}[24th September 1990],] 329

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{‘Fear of the Mob’ in the 19th-century West}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:332][19900924:2123]{‘Fear of the Mob’ in the 19^th-century West}[24th September 1990]

.2123

*

1848 – (The Year of Revolutions (in Europe)[)] – 64R~

(64G~ was 1840)**

‘It should be remembered that, in the early 19^th century, ideological conflict was more significant than actual changes in the social structure. Germany, France and the United States, after all, experienced the same fears of the mob that England did and at roughly the same time, even though they lagged well behind England in the degree of industrialisation. It was equality and the prospect of democratisation, then, that provided an important initial element in the ideas of the mass and of mass society.’

***

*ref [last preceding entry but one, [Redbook7:331][19900924:2045]{Revolutions}[24th September 1990],] 331→

**(See Draft Booklet [Later S&C], 8. …)

***E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 16:941

[Underlining added in ms]

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{The Holy Spirit of Truth}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:332][19900924:2045b]{The Holy Spirit of Truth}[24th September 1990]

.2045

[continued]

The most crucial ethic, the highest religious imperative, is the commitment to Truth.

----

This is Truth in the universal sense, from the highest to the most mundane of matters. It doesn’t just mean searching for the truth; it doesn’t just mean telling the truth. It means both these things and more: it is C[ircles] A[nalysis] and S[ynthsesis] Truth, the Truth in +C†I~, which means that from it flows [sic] Love and all the qualities and attributes and other characteristics of the Inner Circle, controlling Ordination and all the other Principles etc of the Outer Circle.

Ultimately, it is the Truth of the Spirit, which is the Holy Spirit of Truth.

[PostedBlogger04042022]

{Revolutions}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:331][19900924:2045]{Revolutions}[24th September 1990]

.2045

(1) 1524-25ce, peasant revolts in Germany – unsuccessful

(as written up by Engels, ‘The Peasant War in Germany’).

Nearest 64G~: 1520, ie within 1/16th circle previously.

(1536 is also of course the 2048 y[ea]r G~, but this is a much longer term cycle.)

This was in response to worsening legal and economic position.

(2) 1910 Peasants revolution in Mexico – basically successful(?)

Nearest 64G~: 1904, within 1/8th circle previously.

Two swallows don’t make a Summer – but these happen to be the only dates given in this piece in E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica],* apart from that of the Russian Revolution which has already been considered** (ie example of Revolution working (eg through 1905) round to Crisis, which is where the Bolsheviks take over less by mass uprising than by coup d’etat).*** China is also interesting: Communists not in control until 1949, but Manchu dynasty fell in 1911 (64G~+7), ie R~-1), Republic declared 1912 (64R~).

*E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 16:940

**[]

***[& cf French Revolution, also considered elsewhere [] (possibly only in S&C)]

→ [Entry after next, [Redbook7:332][19900924:2123]{‘Fear pf the Mob’ in the 19^th-century West}[24th September 1990],] 332

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{The Evolution of Mind*}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:331][19900924:1430]{The Evolution of Mind*}[24th September 1990]

.1410

**

* (or ‘minding’)

**[Stages 1-4 in ms diagram reproduced above, reading anti-clockwise from top left:]

(1) Simple reflective stage. Behaviour is determined by the intrinsic properties of both the organism and the thing reacted to. Direct contact.

(2) Conditioned Reflex stage. Response is elicited by meanings which the stimulus had acquired for the responding organism through experience. Intermediate stimulus: Signs.

(3) Instrumental stage. Exercise of control be the reacting organism over external things, eg chimp[anzee] uses stick to knock down banana. Domination; Choices.

(4) Symbol stage. Non-intrinsic meanings: symbolling. Articulate speech.

(Sequence of the evolution of mind: E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 16:926)

[PostedBlogger02042022]

{4096-year Cycles (2) [continued]}[24th September 1990]

[Redbook7:330-331][19900924:1315b]{4096-year Cycles (2) [continued]}[24th September 1990]

(Amended ff)

(24).1315

[continued]

More relevantly* for us now, the 8192 year cycle would of course halve into 2 x 4096 year cycles, whether or not the common C is of Bronze Age significance; and the current 4096 year cycle halves into 2 x 2048 year cycles, of which we are nearing the end of the second.

Each C is of course the A~ of a yet larger cycle, which is where the Industrial Revolution may fit in: as the A~ of the current 16,384 year cycle, which is absurd enough not to concern us much now.

The critical point is that the date c6000bce, probably the most important advance for Mankind to date, gives us c2048ce as potentially the most important Crisis since then – bar none.**

#***

*[See last previous entry]

**(But this is put in question by a revised date of 8000#*-7000bce#** – see foot of p330*** [=next fn] <900927>#****

***BUT E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 26:45 puts the start of the move to agriculture with the climatic changes at the end of the Pleistocene Age (& glacial climate) at c8000bce, giving rise to farming villages by c7000bce.**** This effectively makes the year 0 [sic] as [sic] the most important Crisis since the beginning of the Holocene Age! <900927>

****(E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 26:47 says 7^th & 6^th millennia BC[E] in [the] Mid[dle] East)# <900927>

#E[ncylopaedia] B[ritannica] 26:51: 9000-7000bce in S[outh]W[est] Asia (Mid[dle] East) <900927>

#*(or 9000[bce]-[7000bce]

#**& by climate change c8000bce <900930>

#***→ [[Redbook7:334-337][19900926:c1230]{Prehistoric Circles (1)}[26th September 1990],] 334

#****→ cf [[Redbook7:345][19900930:1108]{4096-year Cycles (3)}[30th September 1990],] 345

(& see VIII [] 94

{→([[Redbook7:343][19900929:2227]{Bridging Cycles?}[29th September 1990],] 343)}

{→ [[Redbook7:345][19900930:1108]{4096-year Cycles (3)}[30th September 1990],] 345}

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