{[Islamic Art –] Visual Arts [continued –] The Late Period [continued]}[21st April 1991]

[Redbook9:171][19910421:1410rr]{[Islamic Art –] Visual Arts [continued –] The Late Period [continued]}[21st April 1991]

19910421:1410

[continued]

‘At the same time there were other forces behind Ottoman culture which affected the visual arts, especially the power and prestige of the mystical orders, in particular of the Bekhtashi. Founded in the second half of the 13^th century,* this order spread rapidly among the nomads and peasants and became identified with the Janissary corps, the Imperial guard formed from Christian boys. The Bekhtashi founded tekkes or monastic houses and propagated a cult combining old Turkish shamanism with Shia and Sufi mysticism.

Another powerful cultural influence was from the Mevlevi** order of dervishes whose patron saint was Jalal ad-Din Rumi (1267-73[ce]).*** With its headquarters in Konya it propagated a more extreme form of mysticism especially among the intellectual and governing classes.

Further cohesion was brought to the urban societies by the Zariye or clubs of artists calling themselves ahi or “brotherhoods of virtue”, a kind of cooperative or guild with pooled income. They were formed of men of different trades and operated to preserve traditions of skill. Thus local methods of craftsmanship survived.’

****

#

*2048J~1280[ce]

**[See [Redbook9:122-123][19910415:0840w]{[Islamic Art –] Dance and Theatre [continued (4)]}[15th April 1991];

[Redbook9:121][19910415:0840u]{[Islamic Art –] Dance and Theatre [continued]}[15th April 1991]]

***{2048AJ~1152|J~1280[ce]}

[See [Redbook9:109-110][19910414:1104w]{[Islamic Art –] The Word (2) [continued (14)][Rumi]}[14th April 1991]]

**** – ibid [Encyclopaedia of Visual Arts 3: 454]

[Paragraphing per ts]

#{Note the balance of M~#↑↑* & G~↑#**}

#**[See last previous ts journal entry]

#**[See above, this ts journal entry]

[& See next ts journal entry]

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